图书情报知识 ›› 2016, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (6): 69-79.doi: 10.13366/j.dik.2016.06.069

• 情报、信息与共享 • 上一篇    下一篇

国内外学科结构与演化可视化的研究综述

陈必坤,詹长静,王曰芬   

  • 出版日期:2016-11-10 发布日期:2016-11-10

Literature Review of Discipline Structure and Evolution Visualization Home and Abroad

  • Online:2016-11-10 Published:2016-11-10

摘要:

学科结构及演化研究一直是学者关注的课题。科学知识图谱、学科知识网络和学科知识地图等从不同视角揭示了学科的结构与演化规律,取得了丰硕成果,同时也带来了概念难辨和内容重复等问题。针对以上问题,本文采用传统文献调研和文献综述的方法梳理了国内外学科知识地图、学科知识网络和科学知识图谱等方面的研究,并分析了其异同及存在的问题。结果表明学科知识地图是一种知识的指南,指明“人或者知识在哪儿”,强调知识组织;科学知识图谱和学科知识网络不仅指明“人或者知识在哪儿”,还揭示“人或者知识的过去以及将来是什么样”,强调知识挖掘和知识发现;可视化则能够将以上三者统一起来,它们都是从不同的建模视角以“可视化”的形式(图谱、地图和网络)揭示学科的结构与演化规律,最终目的都是为了辅助决策和知识服务。

关键词: 学科结构, 学科演化, 可视化, 科学知识图谱, 学科知识网络, 学科知识地图

Abstract:

Research of discipline structure and evolution always drew the scholars’ interests. From different views, mapping knowledge domains, discipline knowledge network, discipline knowledge map, et.al. revealed the discipline structure and evolution. Although lots of achievements have gained, there were also some critical issues on their ambiguous concepts and duplicate contents. In terms of the critical issues above, this paper applied traditional literature study method to review the literature of mapping knowledge domains, discipline knowledge network, discipline knowledge map, et al. home and abroad and summarized their similarities, differences, problems and trends. It concluded that discipline knowledge map was the guide to knowledge, emphasizing on knowledge organization, mapping knowledge domains and discipline knowledge network not only focused on knowledge organization, but also knowledge discovery. As to visualization, it conformed the concepts of discipline knowledge map, mapping knowledge domains and discipline knowledge network, which were visualized in the form of map, network and so on.

Key words: Discipline structure, Discipline evolution, Visualization, Mapping knowledge domains, Discipline knowledge network, Discipline knowledge map