图书情报知识 ›› 2021, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 77-94.doi: 10.13366/j.dik.2021.05.077

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社交媒体使用会提升老年人的主观幸福感吗——一项基于积极老龄化背景的调查研究

邓香莲   

  • 出版日期:2021-09-10 发布日期:2021-11-11

Can Social Media Use Improve the Elderly Subjective Wellbeing: A Survey Based on the Active Aging Background

  • Online:2021-09-10 Published:2021-11-11

摘要: [目的/意义]本研究以老年群体为研究对象,在上海地区抽样调研,旨在探讨社交媒体使用对老年人主观幸福感的影响,为相关各界的为老服务提供借鉴和参考。[研究设计/方法] 在文献研究的连基础上,研究组首先通过立意抽样访谈法,确定以微信和抖音为代表的社交媒体使用影响老年人主观幸福感的多维度结构,然后以方便抽样法展开预测试,并据预测试结果对初始量表做出改进和优化,最后开展访谈式问卷调查,进行数据分析和解读。[结论/发现]本研究萃取了社交媒体使用影响老年人主观幸福感的两个维度:积极情绪和生活满意。多元回归模型显示:①老年人使用社交媒体产生的积极情绪与年龄、社交行为呈显著正相关;②老年人因社交媒体使用而产生的生活满意度与年龄、每月可支配收入、受教育水平、社交行为、信息行为显著相关;③期望对社交媒体信息行为影响老年人主观幸福感的积极情绪有显著调节作用。[创新/价值]本研究探索了社交媒体使用影响老年人主观幸福感的多维度结构、具体指标以及期望对二者的调节作用,具有一定的学术价值,也体现了对弱势群体的学术关怀,在我国社会加速迈入深度老龄化的今天,尤其具有重要的现实意义。这为我们科学引导老年人的社交媒体观,进而促进积极老龄化带来新的启示。

关键词: 社交媒体, 老年人, 主观幸福感, 社交行为, 信息行为, 积极老龄化

Abstract: [Purpose/Significance]This study takes the elderly group as the research object and conducts a sample survey in Shanghai, which aims to explore the influence of social media use on the elderly subjective well-being and provide reference for relevant sectors to improve services for the elderly.[Design/Methodology]Based on a literature research, the study group firstly determined the multi-dimensional indicators those could affect the elderly subjective well-being by using WeChat and Douyin as the representative social media. Then a pre-test was developed by convenient sampling method, and the initial scale was improved and optimized according to the pre-test results. Finally, a conversational questionnaire was carried out for data analysis and interpretation.[Findings/Conclusion]This study extracts two dimensions of the social media use influence on the elderly subjective well-being: positive emotion and life satisfaction. And the multiple regression model shows that: (i) The elderly positive emotion of social media use is significantly positively correlated with age and social behavior; (ii) The elderly life satisfaction due to the social media use is significantly correlated with age, monthly disposable income, education level, social behavior and information behavior; (iii) Expectation has a significant moderating effect on the positive emotions of the elderly subjective well-being affected by social media information behavior. [Originality/Value]This study explores a multi-dimensional structure of social media use affecting the elderly subjective well-being, specific indicators and the moderating effect of expectation on them, which is of certain academic value and reflects the academic care for the vulnerable groups. It is of particular practical significance for today’s China since the society is accelerating towards deep aging. It also brings new inspirations for us to scientifically guide the elderly viewpoints of social media and promote active aging.

Key words: Social media, The elderly, Subjective well-being, Social behavior, Information behavior, Active aging