图书情报知识 ›› 2023, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 16-27.

• 专题·AI 时代的数字学术基础设施 • 上一篇    下一篇

把“专题数据库”作为方法:数字人文的重新认识及其在AI时代的发展趋势

肖鹏   

  1. 中山大学信息管理学院,广州,510006
  • 出版日期:2023-09-10 发布日期:2023-10-22
  • 通讯作者: 肖鹏(ORCID:0000-0002-6668-8122),博士,副教授,研究方向:公共文化、数字人文,Emal:xiaop25@mail.sysu.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    本文系全国科技名词委科研项目“数字人文高频术语及其在国家人文数据基础设施中的应用研究”(YB2022020)的研究成果之一。

Using "Specialized Databases" as a Method: Reimagining Digital Humanities and Its Development Trends in the AI Era

XIAO Peng   

  1. School of Information Management, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006
  • Online:2023-09-10 Published:2023-10-22
  • Contact: Correspondence should be addressed to XIAO Peng, Emal:xiaop25@mail.sysu.edu.cn, ORCID:0000-0002-6668-8122
  • Supported by:
    This is an outcome of the project "Research on Digital Humanities High Frequency Terminology and its Application in National Humanities Data infrastructure"(YB2022020)supported by China National Committee for Terminology in Science and Technology.

摘要: [目的/意义]加强数字人文的基础理论研究与批判性话语,更好地为数字人文的研究与实践提供支撑。[研究设计/方法] 基于自建数据集与访谈素材,运用扎根理论与定性分析的方法。[结论/发现] 数字人文视域下专题数据库作为“资源/数据”集合体之外具有五个新特性:工具性、问题性、体验性、社会性、稳定性;作为场域的数字人文拥有独特的工程特质、媒介属性、物质维度和生态构成。基于“工程-媒介-物质-生态”的理论框架,分析了AI对数字人文的影响,提出要关注AI对数字人文工作模式的重构、慎重思考AI背景下数字人文的媒介特性、留意渐深的数字基础设施鸿沟、构建面向AI的数字人文生态规则。[创新/价值] 专题数据库是接合人文社群与技术脉络的界面,也是承载人文批判与技术转型的基石。汲取近年来“作为方法”的思想资源,把“专题数据库”作为方法,阐述了“自下而上”理解和认识数字人文的理论框架。

关键词: 人文社科专题数据库, 数字人文基础设施, 数字人文, 人工智能

Abstract: [Purpose/Significance] The purpose of this paper is to strengthen the foundational theoretical research and critical discourse of digital humanities, and provide better support for the research and practice in digital humanities. [Design/Methodology] Based on self-constructed dataset and interview materials, this paper employs grounded theory and qualitative analysis methods. [Findings/Conclusion] Beyond being a collection of "resource/data", the other five new characteristics of specialized databases within the scope of digital humanities are revealed: instrumentality, problem-solving nature, experiential quality, social dimension, and stability. The paper also identifies the unique engineering traits, media attributes, material dimensions, and ecological components of digital humanities as a field. Finally, based on the theoretical framework of "engineering-media-material-ecology", this paper analyzes the impact of AI on digital humanities, and proposes to focus on the restructuring of digital humanities working patterns in the AI context, carefully consider the media characteristics of digital humanities in the AI era, be aware of the deepening of digital infrastructure divide, and establish digital humanities ecological rules tailored to AI. [Originality/Value] The specialized databases essentially serve as an interface connecting the humanities community with technological trends, forming the cornerstone for bridging humanities critique and technological transformation. Drawing from recent thoughts on "XX as a method", this paper utilizes "specialized databases" as a method to establish a "bottom-up" theoretical framework for understanding and reimagining the digital humanities.

Key words: Humanities and social sciences specialized databases, Digital humanities infrastructure, Digital humanities, Artificial intelligence