Abstract: [Purpose/Significance] Digital transformation is a global trend that has also brought uncertainty to libraries.Effectively discovering risk factors is the premise to promote the high-quality development of libraries. [Design/Methodology] Based on the concept of high-quality development, the risk factors of library development are identified by comprehensively using grounded theory, expert consultation, improved hierarchical analytic process and other methods. [Findings/Conclusion] It is found that resources, users, services, management and environment are the five key risk factors for library development.The mechanism of the key elements in the risk evolution and prevention regulation is clarified. [Originality/Value] Under the context of China's digital transformation,this paper puts forward the theoretical analysis framework of five key risk factor of library development, which provides reference for decision-making of library risk diagnosis, early warning and regulation.

Key words: Library, Risk factors, High-quality development, Digital transformation, Risk regulation