Abstract: [Purpose/Significance] Grounded on the theory of social ecosystem, this study explores the generation mechanism of AI face-swapping technology anxiety, which aims to provide ideas for promoting the popularization of AI technology. [Design/Methodology] A combined approach of structural equation modeling（SEM）and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis（fsQCA）was employed to examine the effects of neuroticism and individual innovativeness, negative word-of-mouth on AI face-swapping technology anxiety by analyzing 500 online questionnaire data. [Findings/Conclusion] The SEM results show that neuroticism and negative word-of-mouth have a positive impact on AI face-swapping technology anxiety. However, individual innovation has no significant effect on AI face-swapping technology anxiety and only perceived invasiveness plays a mediating role in the two paths. Furthermore, the fsQCA results illustrate that invasive sensitive and invasive insensitive configurations can trigger the generation of anxiety related to AI face-swapping technology. [Originality/Value] Differing from traditional research approaches that attribute technological anxiety to user cognition or skill deficiencies, this study delves into users' psychological perceptions of artificial intelligence technology and verifies the roles played by micro and mesoscopic factors on the generation of AI face-swapping technology anxiety.

Keywords: Technology anxiety, AI face-swapping technology, Perceived invasion, Perceived authenticity