Abstract: [Purpose/Significance] The development of government open data has achieved obvious results, but there are still many challenges in how to use government open data for large-scale application innovation. The exploration of the data application and innovation process is of significance to improve the level of data opening and the enthusiasm of all parties. [Design/Methodology] Based on the ecological perspective, this paper constructs the government open data application innovation ecosystem and collaborative system at the theoretical level, and makes a theoretical explanation of its operation mechanism. [Findings/Conclusion] The government open data application innovation ecosystem is composed of application innovation subjects, ecological environment, resource elements and achievement elements. Each subject forms a three-dimensional two-way collaborative structure in terms of resources, functions and activities. A set of conversion mechanism and circulation power mechanism are required to ensure the orderly connection and continuous operation of each major module. [Originality/Value] This paper discusses the innovation process and collaborative process of government open data application on the mechanism framework, and provides references for the implementation path of subsequent open data application innovation.

Key words: Open government data, Application innovation, Ecological collaboration, Value creation