图书情报知识 ›› 2021, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 103-112.doi: 10.13366/j.dik.2021.01.103

• 知识、学习与管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

我国科学数据管理与共享实践进展:聚焦两种主要模式

涂志芳,杨志萍   

  • 出版日期:2021-01-10 发布日期:2021-03-04

Practice of Scientific Data Management and Sharing in China: Focusing on Two Models

  • Online:2021-01-10 Published:2021-03-04

摘要: [目的/意义]科学数据在经济社会发展、科学研究与创新中的重要性不言而喻。我国的科学数据管理与实践起步较晚但发展较为迅速,梳理其发展现状、总结成就与缺失、分析趋势并提出建议有其必要性。[研究设计/方法]“数据中心”和“数据中心+数据论文”是科学数据管理与共享的两种主要模式。从管理机制或条件保障、服务内容与方式、服务成效、国际影响力建设等方面分析第一种模式的实践进展;按照数据中心与数据论文三种不同的关联形式对第二种模式的实践进展进行案例分析。[结论/发现]我国科学数据管理与共享实践特点包括:主要集中在自然科学与工程技术领域、数据积累主要来自负责建设的研究机构、重视数据服务成效及其宣传、数据出版是重要发展方向等;不足包括:尚缺乏资助机构、高校及科研院所层面的数据管理实施细则,高校及图书馆数据管理平台发展乏力,传统期刊的数据出版存在困难等。[创新/价值]对我国科学数据管理与共享实践进行全景式扫描,有助于从完整视角审视我国科学数据管理现状。

关键词: 科学数据, 科学数据管理, 科学数据共享, 数据中心, 数据论文, 数据出版

Abstract: [Purpose/Significance]The significance of scientific data in social development and scientific research and innovation is self-evident. Scientific data management and its practice in China has a late start but rapid development. It is quite necessary to review the current status, summarize the achievements and deficiencies, analyze the trends, and propose suggestions.
[Design/Methodology]Currently, data center and data center plus data paper are the two main modes of scientific data management and sharing in China. This paper analyzed the practice progress of data center from the perspectives of management mechanism or condition guaranty, service content and mode, service effectiveness and international influence establishment. Furthermore, this paper conducted a case study on practice progress of the second mode according to the three kinds of relevance between data center and data paper.[Findings/Conclusion]There are several characteristics in scientific data management and sharing in China.It mainly focuses on the fields of science and technology, and most of the data comes from the institutions which are in charge of data construction. Moreover, the effectiveness and propaganda of data service are emphasized, and data publication is an important developing direction. At the same time, there are some deficiencies. For example, there is a lack of implementation rules of data management for funding agencies, institutions, and universities. Meanwhile, there is not enough incentive for universities and libraries to develop data management platform. It is also difficult for traditional journals to conduct data publication.[Originality/Value]This paper provides a landscape of scientific data management and sharing practice in China, which is beneficial to review the status quo of scientific data management in China from a comprehensive perspective including practice progress, achievements and problems, and development strategies.

Key words: Scientific data, Scientific data management, Scientific data sharing, Data center, Data paper, Data publication