图书情报知识 ›› 2021, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 53-65.doi: 10.13366/j.dik.2021.01.053

• 图书、文献与交流 • 上一篇    下一篇

文化记忆资源的知识融通:从异构资源元数据应用纲要到一体化本体设计

夏翠娟   

  • 出版日期:2021-01-10 发布日期:2021-03-04

Knowledge Consilience for Cultural Heritage Materials: From Heterogeneous Metadata Application Profiles to Integrated Ontology

  • Online:2021-01-10 Published:2021-03-04

摘要: [目的/意义]探索美术馆、图书馆、档案馆、博物馆等机构(GLAM)中多源异构文化记忆资源跨领域跨机构的知识融通解决方法和路径。[研究设计/方法]在“元数据应用纲要”的基础上,提出了“本体应用纲要”的概念,以上海图书馆手稿档案元数据应用纲要扩展为本体应用纲要为例,阐述了本体应用纲要设计的原则、方法和流程;以历史人文“数据基础设施”进一步构建了一体化本体及其知识融通模型,并验证基于本体应用纲要在一体化本体框架下的扩展以实现跨领域知识融通的方法。[结论/发现]元数据应用纲要为文化记忆资源的知识融通提供了结构化数据储备,本体应用纲要兼顾了特定资源类型的个性化需求,一体化本体的知识融通模型则用于保证知识建模的统一性和知识表示的一致性。[创新/价值]基于多种本体应用纲要的一体化本体设计方法和关联数据与知识图谱技术结合后,作为一种新的知识组织方法,为跨机构跨领域的知识融通提供了方法和路径。

关键词: 本体应用纲要, 知识融通, 文化记忆, 数字人文, 数据基础设施

Abstract: [Purpose/Significance]This paper intends to explore the measures and approaches of cross-disciplinary and cross-institutional knowledge consilience for multi-sourcing cultural heritage materials of Gallaries, Libraries, Archives, Museums(GLAM) as cultural memory institutions.[Design/Methodology]Based upon the "Metadata Application Profile", the concept of "Ontology Application Profile" was proposed. Taking the extension of Shanghai Library’s manuscript archives as an example, which was converted from "Metadata Application Profile" to "Ontology Application Profile", the principle, method and process of "Ontology Application Profile" design were illustrated. The integrated ontology and its knowledge consilience model were developed based upon the historical and humanistic data infrastructure. Moreover, the method of cross-domain knowledge consilience based on the extension with the use of "Ontology Application Profile" was verified.[Findings/Conclusion]Metadata application profiles provide structured data as foundation for knowledge consilience of cultural heritage materials. At the same time, ontology application profiles take into account the specific needs of special types of resources, and the knowledge consilience model of integrated ontology is used to ensure the unity of knowledge modeling and the consistency of knowledge representation.
[Originality/Value]When combined with the technologies of linked data and knowledge graph, the integrated ontology design based on multiple ontology application profiles is deemed as a new organization method of knowledge, which could provide  a method and path for cross-institutional and interdisciplinary knowledge consilience.

Keywords: Ontology Application Profile, Knowledge consilience, Cultural memory, Digital Humanities, Data infrastructure